Quelltext der Seite Verbraucher/en

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Consumers are both water sinks and sources. They can be used to model municipal or industrial waterworks with a subsequent supply network, which require drinking or process water and release it back into a waterbody via the sewer system and sewage treatment plant with a time delay. The time delay indicates how long on average the water remains in the consumer until it is returned into the river as treated waste water. The consumer replaces a detailed simulation of an urban area with a sewer system. However, if urban areas need to be considered in more detail, this can be done using urban sub-basins, pipelines and reservoirs acting as retention structures of the sewer system.


==Demand Behavior==

The demand behavior provides information about the desired water quantities. The definition of these water quantities is possible via two options:
* as a constant pattern, which repeats daily, monthly and/or annually
* as an observed or generated time series from the Time series manager


==External Contribution==

A consumer can receive water from different water resources systems or catchments in order to meet his demands. If a consumer has a water supply source that is located outside of the modelled system, this is considered an external contribution. As with the demand behavior, external contributions can be defined using two options:
* as a constant pattern, which repeats daily, monthly and/or annually,
* as an observed or generated time series from the Time series manager


==Return Flow==

Just as a consumer can receive external contributions, it can also deliver water to areas outside of the modelled system. Such a situation exists e.g. if a waterworks facility has to serve several supply areas, of which at least one is not part of the modeled system. Or if a sewer system discharges water into a body of water outside of the modeled system. More generally, it can be used to model the transfer of water from a modeled catchment to a catchment outside of the system.
In such a case, a consumer behaves like a diversion, where three different concepts are conceivable (for a detailed explanation of the options, see the [[Special:MyLanguage/Verzweigung|diversion]] element).
* Threshold value concept
: If the return flow from the consumer exceeds a certain threshold value, the portion of flow above the threshold value is diverted and not returned to the system. 
* Percentage distribution
: A certain percentage of the water flowing back to the system from the consumer is diverted to an external area and not returned to the system. 
* Diversion according to a rating curve
: The amount of flow diverted to external areas depends on the current return flow of the consumer.


The volume flows of a consumer are illustrated in the following figure.

[[Datei:Volumenströme_eines_Verbrauchers_EN.png|frame|none|Volume flows of a consumer]]